Technology
OXOA Network is a zkSync's Layer-3 solution that utilizes the zkPorter off-chain data availability solution.
The following parts will explain Layer 3, zkSync, HyperChain, and zkPorter in detail.
Let's dive into technical stuff!
Layer-3 Network
What are Layers?
Layering is a basic architectural element at the heart of blockchain networks. Layering in blockchain refers to the separation of various functionalities and protocols into distinct levels, each having a specialized purpose.
Layer 1 (L1) and 2 (L2) are the most typical levels in blockchain networks. These layers work together to ensure that the blockchain ecosystem runs smoothly.
Layer 1 is the core layer of a blockchain network. It includes the core protocol and the consensus mechanism, which handles critical activities like transaction validation and block building. Layer 1 blockchains, such as Bitcoin and Ethereum, perform transaction processing and smart contract execution on-chain.
On the other hand, Layer 2 blockchains are constructed on top of L1 blockchains to resolve scalability and efficiency concerns. Layer 2 options include state channels and sidechains, allowing for faster and less expensive transactions by processing them off-chain. These systems then regularly settle the accumulated transactions on the Layer 1 blockchain, decreasing congestion and enhancing throughput.
The demand for a more secure, interoperable, and scalable blockchain infrastructure inspired the notion of a Layer 3 Blockchain network. While both Layer 2 and Layer 3 solutions attempt to grow the blockchain network, Layer 3 is mainly concerned with integrating multiple blockchains and promoting seamless interaction.
What Are Layer-3 Networks?
Functioning on top of Layer 2 solutions, Layer 3 networks link several Layer 2 networks and facilitate transactions on different blockchains, whereas traditional Layer 2 solutions do not.
Layer 3 networks provide the following advantages:
Scalability: Layer 3 networks may be customized precisely for the demands of a single application by hosting it. When opposed to executing the application directly on a Layer 1 blockchain, which may have restrictions owing to network congestion or processing complexity, this provides for greater scalability and performance.
Customization: Layer 3 networks enable developers to tailor the rules and protocols of their decentralized apps to meet their individual needs. They may create and execute consensus methods, governance models, and economic incentives that are in line with the aims and user base of their program.
Interoperability: Layer 3 networks can help decentralized apps communicate with one another. They can create a more connected and collaborative environment by providing standardized protocols and interfaces for easy application communication and data sharing.
Privacy and Security: By isolating each program on its own network, Layer 3 networks can improve privacy and security. They can include specialized privacy features or encryption processes that are suited to the needs of the application, securing sensitive data and preventing illegal access.
zkSync's Layer 3
What is zkSync?
zkSync is a Layer-2 protocol that scales Ethereum with cutting-edge ZK tech. It is designed to increase Ethereum's throughput while preserving its foundational values of freedom, self-sovereignty, and decentralization at scale 1. zkSync uses zero-knowledge proofs and on-chain data availability to keep users' funds as safe as though they never left the mainnet 2. It is a trustless protocol for scalable, low-cost payments on Ethereum, which enables:
Massive scalability
Instant transaction speed
Zero transaction fees
What is zkSync's Layer 3?
ZkSync's Layer3 is a Layer3 functioning on top of ZkSync's Layer 2 solutions.
ZkSync envisions layer 3 as an ecosystem of customizable and trustlessly connected blockchains. Layer 3 will allow infinite scaling and customization, resulting in a starfield of 10X moments.
As a Layer3 built on zkSync's infrastructure, OXOA Network offers:
Security – All contact between fractal HyperChains in zkSync's L3 occurs via native bridges, resulting in a 10X moment for security.
Performance - Layer 2 performance enhancements are expected to be 10-100X, whereas Layer 3 performance is infinite.
Cost — Given the options for data availability solutions, data costs are decreased tremendously in Layer 3.
Ease of Use – We anticipate additional upgrades to SDKs, CLIs, and even low-code/no-code solutions in the ecosystem, making app creation 10X easier.
Composability – With our LLVM compiler, we support the Solidity programming language and any current language, resulting in a 10X boost in accessibility for developers specializing in Rust, C++, Swift, and other languages.
HyperChain Architecture For Further Customization
As a Layer 3 on zkSync, OXOA also utilizes HyperChain architecture, which allows (game project) developers to further customize their fractal HyperChain for the following:
Privacy: Ecosystem partners can make their data private by storing data off-chain.
Tokenomics: Ecosystem partners can have their token to secure Sequencers, Provers, and DA providers.
HyperBridges: Layer 3 solution will replace non-native bridges with native bridges (or "HyperBridges"). This will create a 10X impact on security and potentially increase trust in crypto for the masses.
zkPorter
OXOA Network utilizes the zkPorter protocol in data processing, enabling cheap, fast, and secure data processing (most suitable for gaming projects).
What is zkPorter?
When building zkSync's Layer 3 solution, developers can pick among three data availability choices while using the same infrastructure for their project. Developers can set their own pricing, performance, and security trade-offs.
ZK rollup — Complete Ethereum security (suitable for DeFi).
zkPorter — Combination of on-chain and off-chain data to optimize for cheap, quick, and secure (excellent for gaming).
Validium – Maximize performance with somewhat less security than Ethereum (Limitless Use Cases).
zkPorter: The Driver of Crypto Mass Adoption
zkPorter is a great persuader for fee-sensitive users because the fees are 100 times less than those of zkRollup accounts. ((keep in mind the rollup fees are already 100x less than the Ethereum layer 1 fees))
How can it achieve these feats?
First, zkPorter is a volition, meaning user data may be kept either off-chain or on-chain. Dapps and blockchains can build and manage their zkPorter shards. Projects operating on a zkPorter shard can choose whether their shard will support public or private transactions, where data will be stored, and whatever governance model they like.
When users choose to keep data off-chain rather than on the Ethereum mainnet, the data is safeguarded by a network of "Guardians." Guardians will be zkSync token holders who will monitor all state changes and certify data availability. For the user's data to be kept, at least two-thirds of all Guardians must sign each block. While the whole Merkle root data is saved off-chain with Guardians, the final state [12]hash will be updated on the Ethereum mainnet, along with the validity proof that will be checked by the Ethereum verifier contract, ensuring that all transactions and state changes are legitimate. Because the mainnet blockchain will only store the new state and no transaction data, a zkPorter shard will be 100x cheaper than a zkRollup shard.
However, because the Merkle root data is held off-chain, the user cannot be guaranteed that they will be able to bridge over their cash to their Layer 1 account. There is no method for the user to show the layer 1 chain to which the genuine owner is without a comprehensive record of the Merkle root state changes. The user will have to rely on the Proof of Stake network of Guardians to safeguard their data. Although zkPorter may not provide as many security assurances as zkSync's zkRollup, it is still more secure than alternative layer 2 scaling options such as sidechains and optimistic rollups.
There are hazards connected with zkPorter that the zkRollup does not have; for example, if more than one-third of the Guardians behave maliciously, they can suspend block production and shut down the network. Fortunately, the Matter Labs team has foreseen this and is developing a forced departure method to remove any user cash from zkPorter; however, the Guardians stake will remain frozen. If more than two-thirds of Guardians act maliciously, they can freeze all accounts on zkPorter, and the forced leave mechanism will no longer operate. Individuals are not motivated to attack the network because transactions on zkPorter can only be conducted with validity proofs, and the Operator and Guardians can NEVER take user cash. In the worst-case situation, money may be frozen. Suppose the Guardians conspire and freeze all zkPorter accounts. In that case, that implies they also froze all of their investment in the process, which makes no sense unless they do it for some political cause, which is still conceivable but improbable.
Besides the cheap fee matter, the potential effects of zkPorter for zkSync-based dApps are enormous. By removing scalability limitations, zkPorter enables dApps to execute many more transactions without sacrificing security or suffering expensive costs. Developers may now create more complicated and feature-rich applications that can grow and cater to a broader user base.
These criteria are enough to make zkPorter a key driver of crypto mass adoption.
As a Web3 indie game developer, you are probably interested in creating a great game experience with innovative features but without imposing gas fees for users. OXOA Network with its excellent technology platform for gaming projects will be a wise choice to launch your game project! Contact us right now to talk business!
Advantages of OXOA as a Layer 3 on zkSync
zkSync’s Layer 3 is an ecosystem of customizable and trustlessly linked blockchains powered by zkEVM that we refer to as 'HyperChains'.
Layer 3 will enable limitless scaling with limitless customization resulting in a starfield of 10X moments2.
These moments cut across five vectors: Security, Performance, Cost, Ease of Use, and Composability.
With zkSync’s Layer 3 solution, developers will be able to choose from 3 data availability options all using the same proving infrastructure for their project3. Developers can choose their own trade-offs between price, performance, and security.
The 3 data availability options are ZK rollup, zkPorter, and Validium.
High Customization for Game Developers
Built on the infrastructure of zkSync, OXOA enables you - the indie game developer to enjoy high customization & autonomy over your game project.
Privacy: Ecosystem partners can make their data private by storing data off-chain.
Tokenomics: Ecosystem partners can have their token to secure Sequencers, Provers, and DA providers.
HyperBridges: Layer 3 solution will replace non-native bridges with native bridges (or “HyperBridges”). This will create a 10X impact on security and have the potential to increase trust in crypto for the masses.
A Web3 game will never boom or last until it is built on an excellent infrastructure and we know for sure that zkSync's Layer 3 is an excellent one.
Get ready to craft unparalleled gaming experiences on the Ethereum blockchain!
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